Iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic disorders are among the most common anemia. Disorders of iron metabolism lead to different clinical pictures such as iron deficiency, iron overloads, iron overloads with cataract and neurocognitive disorders. Body iron regulation is a highly complex process and different regulatory proteins are involved for iron absorption and iron release from macrophages toward hematopoietic tissues. Mutation with loss or gain of function of these regulatory proteins leads to iron overload or iron refractory iron deficiency anemia. This article briefly review molecular glance to iron metabolism and iron refractory iron deficiency anemia.