Background and aim: Nowadays, the first lethal cause in the world is cardiac-vascular disease which kills millions of people annually. Cardiac cells are differentiated with no ability of regeneration and amplification. There are different methods for cardiac patient’s improvement. One of the novel regeneration approaches is stem cell application. In this field, different cell sources are used.

Materials & Methods: In this review study, literatures were collected from Pub Med, Google scholar, SID and Science Direct from 2000 to 2015 using "stem cells, wnt pathway, cardiomyocyte, myocardial infarction, cell-based therapy" as keywords.

Results: Different cells are used for cell-based therapy in MI such as ESCs, IPSCs and somatic cells. These cells have different ability in tumorigenicity, immunologic reaction, gene expression and culture method. Various methods are used for cardiomyocyte differentiation of stem cells such as co-culture, chemical inducer and modification of wnt pathway. Paying attention to cell source and culture method, differentiation of various cells to cardiomyocyte has different efficacy. In this review article, we had an overview on methods of processing, culture and differentiation of cells into cardiomyocytes.

Discussion: Human amniotic membrane–derived mesenchymal cells are safe and feasible in clinical application and improved myocardial function. For robust generation of cardiomyocytes from stem cells, manipulation of wnt pathway could be suitable and produced 98% cardiomyocyte.