Background and Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common Gram-negative, aerobic (and at times facultative anaerobic), bacillus, rod-shaped bacterium with unipolar motility. These microorganisms, are ubiquitous and can be found in soil, decaying organic matter and in the water. It has widespread environmental distribution due to its low requirements for development. In some hospitals, it is the third most common nosocomial infection after Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Materials and Methods: In the present review, the information were obtained with the help of Google search engine and through comprehensive, computer-based searches of scientific articles indexed in the Persian databases such as SID and Magiran and also English scientific bases like Scopus, Ebscohost, Google scholar and Science Direct. Data using keywords, including biology, structure, virulence, and etc. from 52 articles were chosen and studied.

Results: By assessing the retrieved articles and reviewing the history of the bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important component of medical, industrial and Agricultural microbes and due to drug-resistance of this bacteria, although researchers have done a lot of studies and have reached the desired results, it is still a Medical challenge.

Conclusions: Findings highlight the notion that there are research gaps and recommend further research in this area. This article tries to give further insight and understanding of the bacteria to students, professors and microbiologists and recommend using of advanced technology and new methods in order to find new treatment options and accelerate the healing process.