In recent years, male fertility has changed due to the effects of environmental, health and lifestyle factors and the infertility rate has increased, to the extent that male fertility may be affected by extreme heat, exposure to pesticides, radiation, substances Changes in radioactivity, lifestyle, stress and occupation.
In the environment, there are ionizing and non-ionizing rays whose effects on spermatogenesis have been established.
Studies show that radio electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) have destructive effects on sperm parameters such as number, morphology, motility, role of kinases in cellular metabolism and endocrine system and cause genotoxicity, genome instability and oxidative stress (1).
Evidence suggests that RF-EMF increases oxidative stress by increasing oxygen levels and may increase the risk of infertility. The results of in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that RF-EMF exposure has a negative effect on sperm quality.
In this study, we provide an overview of the main sources of infertility risk in men and discuss the biological effects of microwave radiation, wifi-connected laptops, and cell phones.