Jealousy, as one of the complex human emotions, plays a crucial role in social interactions and interpersonal relationships. This emotion can manifest as a natural response to real or perceived threats to a valued relationship or position. Understanding the factors influencing the emergence and intensity of jealousy is essential, as it can contribute to improving social relationships and reducing tensions associated with this emotion. Jealousy is shaped by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Studies indicate that approximately 29% of the observed variance in jealousy levels among individuals is attributable to genetic factors, while the remaining 71% is associated with non-shared environmental influences (6). This review article examines the role of heredity and environment in the formation of jealousy and analyzes the complex interactions between these two factors. The findings suggest that while genetics may establish initial predispositions, environmental factors such as personal experiences, culture, and social relationships play a crucial role in reinforcing or moderating this emotion. Understanding these interactions can help develop effective strategies for managing and mitigating jealousy at both individual and societal levels (21).