Clinical diagnostic laboratories are forced to keep pace with modern technologies in order to increase productivity and develop the quality of laboratory services. In this regard, the use of mass spectrometry technology can be a turning point.Recent advances in the field of mass spectrometry equipment and their adaptation to diagnostic applications have led to the development of a significant number of laboratory tests based on this technology.The increased accuracy and high sensitivity of these equipments can quickly replace conventional laboratory methods. Therefore, familiarity of laboratory specialists with this technology and its applications can facilitate this process. In this article, we will introduce this technology and discuss its applications and challenges in the field of laboratory diagnostics.